MANUFACTURERS' CODES-Identification codes for every manufacturer listed as a procurement source in accordance with cataloging handbooks H4-1 and H4-2, Federal Supply Codes for Manufacturers.

MARGIN-The space from the outer row of stitching to the edge of the fold of cloth.

MILDEW-A damaging fungus or mold that forms on cloth and leather. It is caused by dampness and the absence of fresh air and sunlight.

MIS-PICK-An extra or incorrectly positioned filling thread.

MISSING PICK-A filling yarn (pick) wholly or partially missing.

MISSING STITCHES-A space between stitches in the same row in which there is no thread.

MM-Abbreviation for millimeters.

NAMEPLATE-A label attached to equipment, giving data as to type, model number, date of manufacture, date placed in service, etc. The stenciled gore on a canopy is called the nameplate gore.

NEEDLE DAMAGE-Where needle penetration has damaged threads in the cloth.

NOTE-An informative item. The note may precede or follow the step or item to which it refers.

OVEREDGE-Stitching around the outer edge of cloth to prevent the edges from raveling or fraying.

OVERFOLD-An excess of material causing edge of inner fold to double, wrinkle or pleat.

OVERLAP-To extend over and cover apiece of cloth.

OVERLAP, CORE-The overlapping of an incoming and outgoing suspension line inner core line.

PACK-To put together compactly; to store neatly; for example, the act of packing a parachute consists of stowing suspension lines and canopy in the container assembly in such a way as to ensure safe storage and proper opening of the parachute assembly.

PACK ASSEMBLY-A rigged and packed parachute. See also CONTAINER.

PACKING BOARD-A tool used to tension suspension lines with the anti-squid lines attached to the connector links. Basically it consists of a board and two large spools.

PACKING TRAY-The suspension line stowage assembly on the NES-8B parachute assembly. It is a cloth-covered board with hesitater tubes attached. After stowage of suspension lines, the container is moved up around the tray. The tray is then secured by bolts, which pass through the bottom of the container.

PAD, BACK-A pad attached to the inside of the parachute harness to provide comfort.

PALM, SEWING-A hand protector that is used when sewing.

PANEL, END SCOOP-A scoop-shaped cloth pocket attached to the bottom of the LW-3B parachute assembly in place of an end flap.

PARACHUTE-A device that offers resistance to the air, thereby decreasing the velocity of a descending body to permit landing at a suitable rate of descent.

PARACHUTE ASSEMBLY-A complete parachute, including the canopy assembly, container assembly, harness assembly, and riser/lift web assembly.

PARACHUTE, ATTACHED-TYPE-A parachute assembly, such as T-10 or NES-15A, that has its container opening device attached to the aircraft or ejection seat by a static line.

PARACHUTE, BACK-TYPE-A parachute that is worn on the back to allow the wearer freedom of movement; for example, the NB-6 parachute assembly.

PARACHUTE, CARGO-A parachute used to air drop materials such as food, water, explosives, clothing, weapons, and supplies.

PARACHUTE, CHEST-TYPE-A parachute that is attached to D-rings on the chest-type harness. It may be detached to permit more freedom of movement.

PARACHUTE, DROGUE-An auxiliary parachute used with any system that requires some method of deceleration or stabilization; for example, an ejection seat.

PARACHUTE, FREE-TYPE-A parachute assembly, such as NS-3, that is opened by manual or automatic pulling of a ripcord. No static line is used with this type of parachute assembly.

PARACHUTE, PILOT-A small, springoperated, cloth-covered auxiliary parachute that is usually constructed on a steel wire frame and attached to the peak of the canopy. It accelerates the withdrawal of the canopy from the container. The pilot parachute is packed under tension and immediately opens when released from the container.

PARACHUTE, RESERVE-A chest-type parachute attached to the harness of a training or test parachute in addition to the back type. It has no pilot parachute. It is used in case the main parachute fails to open properly or sustains such damage as to cause an unsafe rate of descent.

PARACHUTE SEAT-TYPE-A free-type parachute suspended at the rear of the wearer between the hips and knees. It has an attached seat pad, together with the container, that serves as a cushion when the entire assembly is in place in the seat.

PARACHUTE, TRAINING-A combination of two parachute assemblies. A main, backtype parachute and reserve, chest-type parachute, with a training harness assembly designed to accommodate both parachutes. Its use is mandatory on all premeditated student training jumps.

PARACHUTE, TROOP-A parachute used by a paratrooper for a premeditated jump over a designated area.

PARACHUTIST, NAVAL-A person who has successfully completed a prescribed course in parachute jump training.

PARAFFIN-Wax generally used with 50-percent beeswax as a hot dip to prevent the fraying of cut ends of webbing, cord, and tape. See also BEESWAX.

PARARAFT-An emergency, one-man life raft packed in a container, along with survival equipment. The pararaft is secured to the parachute pack or seat pan.

PARATROOPER-A soldier trained and equipped to parachute into combat.

PEAK-The top center of the parachute canopy, the point at which all vent lines cross. Also called apex or crown.

PERMEABILITY-The measured amount, in cubic feet, of the flow of air through a square foot of cloth in 1 minute under a specified pressure.

pH VALUE-An indication of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. A reading of pH may be made by the use of test strips.

PICK-A cloth filling thread, taken as a unit of fineness of cloth.

PILOT PARACHUTE FRAME-Wire frame or spring used in a type of pilot parachute to initiate opening action of a parachute upon release from the container.

PIN, RIPCORD LOCKING-A small steel pin attached to a ripcord and passed through a locking cone to hold a container in a closed position.

PIN, SLIDE DISCONNECT-A directional fastener that connects the withdrawal line and drogue link line on MBEU parachutes not designed for use with a guillotine. One portion connects to the ejection seat and the other is a metal sleeve around the drogue link line. Depending on the direction of pull, the lines will either remain attached or the slide disconnect pin will be withdrawn, and the lines will separate.

PIN, TEMPORARY LOCKING-A metal pin inserted through the eye of the locking cones to hold the side flaps in place until the ripcord pin is inserted.

PLATE, ANCHOR-A narrow metal plate used on MBEU parachute assemblies. It is attached to the end of the ripcord housing and has holes that fit over the container locking cones. When the ripcord pins are inserted in the locking cones, the anchor plate is held in place, thus holding the ripcord housing in position.

PLATE, LOCKING PINS-A temporary locking pin attached to a thin, flat, rectangular metal plate. The pin-plate arrangement is used to temporarily lock the pilot parachute while the side flaps are being closed.

PLEAT-A fold sewn in cloth.

POCKET, DATA CARD-Small patch pocket sewn to specified parachute containers for record data card. (Record card used for drogue parachute assemblies only.)

POCKET, ELASTIC STOWAGE-A pocket, formed of elastic cloth, that encloses the external pilot parachute on the NB-11 parachute assembly.

POCKET, RIB-A pocket made by sewing lengths of tape to a type of pilot parachute canopy to contain the four frame ribs.

POCKET, RIPCORD HANDLE-A small pocket of cloth or elastic webbing sewn to the harness (or container assembly). It holds the ripcord handle in position.

POCKETS, DEFLATION-Pockets sewn to the canopy at the skirt hem. After landing in water, they serve to anchor the canopy, causing the canopy to deflate. This prevents the canopy from dragging the parachutist through water.

POROSITY OF A FABRIC-The measured amount, in cubic feet, of the flow of air through a square foot of fabric in 1 minute under specified pressure. Also known as PERMEABILITY.

PREMATURE OPENING-Any accidental opening of a parachute that occurs prior to intended deployment.

PRESSURE-The force exerted by liquid or gas per unit of area on the walls of a container. See also PSIG, PSIA, and ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.

PRESSURE DROP-Loss in pressure, as from one end of a distribution line to the other, due to friction and other factors.

PRESSURE EXPLOSION-Explosion caused by rapid conversion of liquid oxygen to gaseous oxygen in a confined space due to evaporation and warming.

PROTRUDING YARN (Core Casing or Tread)-A condition in which either the inner core yarns extend through the casing or where the yarns or threads of the casing extend beyond the surface of the casing itself.

PSI-Abbreviation for pounds per square inch. See also PSIA and PSIG.

PSIA-Abbreviation for pounds per square inch, absolute. Absolute pressure is measured from absolute zero (100-percent vacuum) rather than from normal, or atmospheric pressure. It equals gauge pressure plus 14,696 pounds per square inch. See also PSI, PSIG, and ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.

PSIG-Abbreviation for pounds per square inch, gauge. Indicates pressure above ambient pressure, as indicated on a pressure gauge vented to the atmosphere. See also PSI and PSIA.

PULL UP CORDS-Nylon cords of varying lengths used to pull up the sides and ends of the container flaps over the container cover and to pull the cones through the grommets. They are also used to pull the suspension lines into place in some types of containers.

PUSHPIN-A straight pin used to temporarily secure material while sewing.

PYRO BOX-The container used to store pyrotechnic devices such as flares and cartridges while they are removed from the ammunition storage area.

PYROTECHNIC DEVICE-Any device that either bums or explodes or uses burning or exploding to operate a system. Examples of pyrotechnic devices are static line cutters, ballistic spreading guns, and automatic actuators.

QA-Abbreviation for quality assurance.

QUALIFIED PERSONNEL-Qualified personnel are defined as personnel who have satisfactorily completed a prescribed course at a Navy training school, Fleet Readiness Aviation Maintenance Personnel Training Program (FRAMP), Interservice/factory training, or formal or informal in-service training [refer to OPNAVINST 4790.2 (series)]. In addition, a practical demonstration of the skills acquired in any of the foregoing training situations, to the satisfaction of the work center supervisor/division officer, is required before the designation "qualified" can be assigned.