Examples 1, 2, and 5 of figure 2-58 show the proper method of safety wiring bolts, screws, square head plugs, and similar parts when wired in pairs.

Examples 6 and 7 show a single-threaded component wired to a housing or lug. Example 3 shows several components wired in series. Example 4 shows the proper method of wiring castellated nuts and studs.

Note that there is no loop around the nut. Example 8 shows several components in a closely spaced, closed

Figure 2-58.Safety wiring methods.

geometrical pattern, using the single-wire method. The following general rules apply to safety wiring:

1. All safety wires must be tight after installa-tion, but not under so much tension that normal handling or vibration will break the wire.

2. The wire must be applied so that all pull exerted by the wire tends to tighten the nut.

3. Twists should be tight and even, and the wire between nuts as taut as possible without overtwisting. 

Wire between nuts should be twisted with the hands. The use of pliers will damage the wire. Pliers maybe used only for final end twist before cutting excess wire.

Annealed copper safety wire is used for sealing first aid kits, portable fire extinguishers, oxygen regular emergency valves, and other valves and levers used for emergency operation of aircraft equipment. This wire can be broken by hand in case of an emergency.

When all adjusting and rigging on the cables is completed, safety the turnbuckles as necessary. Only two methods of safetying turnbuckles have been adopted as standard procedures by the armed services: the clip-locking (preferred) method and the wire-wrapping method.

Figure 2-59.-Safetying turnbuckles: (A) preferred method; (B) wire-wrapped method.

Lock clips must be examined after assembly for proper engagement of the hook lip in the turnbuckle barrel hole by the application of slight pressure in the disengaging direction. Lock clips must not be reused, as removal of the clips from the installed position will severely damage them.

First, two safety wires are passed through the hole in the center of the turnbuckle barrel. The ends of the wires are bent 90 degrees toward the ends of the turnbuckle, as shown in figure 2-59.

Next, the ends of the wires are passed through the holes in the turnbuckle eye or between the jaws of the turnbuckle fork, as applicable. The wires are then bent toward the center of the turnbuckle, and each one wrapped four times around the shank. This secures the wires in place.