SHORING KIT

Shoring kits are small enough to go through scuttles and other small openings. A shoring kit contains the following items:

. A canvas bag, with a carrying strap, approximately 30 inches deep and 12 inches in diameter . One 5-pound maul

One 10-pound sledge

One 8-point crosscut handsaw

One 10-foot metal tape rule

One 50-foot metal tape rule

One claw hammer

One hatchet

One 3/4-inch cold chisel

One 1-inch wood chisel

Eight adjustable clamps: four 6 inches and ^four 8 inches in nominal size

One caulking hand tool

One 24-inch carpenter's square

One electric hand lantern

Eight 2- by 4-inch softwood wedges

One bag of nails; two pounds each of 20d and 30d common nails . Five pounds of oakum or rags . Five pounds of sand

. One section of shoring; 4 inches by 4 inches by 10 feet

MEASURING AND CUTTING SHORES

The most rapid and accurate way to measure a shore for cutting is to use an adjustable shoring batten similar to the one shown in figure 7-12. These battens can be made up from items carried aboard ship. Each repair party locker is required to have a shoring batten.

To use the shoring batten, extend it to the required length and lock it with the thumbscrews on the length locking device. Then measure the angles of cut by adjusting the hinged metal pieces at the ends of the batten. Lock the angle locking devices in place. Lay the batten along the shore. Mark and cut the timber to the proper length and angle. Shores should be cut one-half of an inch shorter than the measured length to allow space to install wedges.

If a shoring batten is not available, measure the shores for length by using a folding rule or

Figure 7-12.-Shoring batten. 7-11

a steel tape and a carpenter's square. The stepby-step procedure for measuring shores in this way, as shown in figure 7-13, is as follows:

1. Measure distance A from the center of the strongback to the deck. This distance is known as the rise. Then measure distance B from the edge of the anchorage to the bulkhead. This distance is known as the uncorrected run. Subtract the thickness of the strongback from measurement B. This distance is now known as the corrected run.

2. Lay off the measurements A and B on a carpenter's square, using the ratio of 1 inch to 1 foot. Rule measurement is taken to the nearest one-sixteenth of an inch. To maintain the 1-inch to 1-foot ratio, use the following conversion table:

3. Measure the diagonal distance between A and B. In the example given in figure 7-13, this distance is 7 7/8 inches. Because of the 1-inch to 1-foot ratio, the distance in feet would be 7 7/8 feet or 7 feet 10 1/2 inches.

4. Subtract one-half of an inch, since shores should be cut one-half of an inch shorter than the measured distance to allow for the required wedges. Thus the final length of the shore should be 7 feet 10 inches.

The carpenter's square may also be used to measure the angles of cut and to mark the shore for cutting (fig 7-14). Using the same measurements as in the previous example, proceed as follows:

1. Lay the square along the shore, as shown in part 1 of figure 7-14, making sure that the measurements 4 inches and 6 3/4 inches lie along the same line. Cut the shore to this line.

2. Measure the center of the cut and mark a right angle to it for the second cut. Saw to the line. You have now completed cutting one end of the shore.

3. Along the center of the timber, measure the length of the shore (7 feet 10 inches) and mark off a perpendicular line at the other end of the shore.

Figure 7-13.-Measuring length of shore.

Figure 7-14.-Cutting the angles of a shore.

4. Slide the carpenter's square down to the center point on the perpendicular. Keep the same measurements on the same line as before in step

1. This time, mark the cutting line on the other side of the square.

5. Mark a right angle from the center point of this cut for the second cut. Make your cuts.

You now have a shore that is 7 feet 10 inches long with the ends properly cut to fit the measurements.

The proper cutting of shores is an important part of any shoring operation. Shores are usually cut with a hand-held circular saw. However, you

may use an ordinary carpenter's handsaw. All repair party personnel should be instructed in the correct use of these tools. Shores that are poorly cut may cause delay in completing the shoring job and may cause failure of the shoring structure. You will find that the wedges and shores will not fit properly if the shores are not cut correctly. Wet timbers are particularly hard to cut unless the proper methods of sawing are used. In cutting heavy shores, a lumberjack crosscut saw will save a good deal of time. Chisels, axes, and hatchets are also used to cut shores.