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TIMBER FASTENERS AND CONNECTORS From your studies of the EA3 TRAMAN, you should be aware that it is usually unnecessary to call out in working drawings the types of fasteners used for light frame construction. This is not the case, however, for heavy timber construction. As an EA preparing drawings for timber structures, you need to have a working knowledge of timber fasteners and connectors and the manner in which they are used. The following text discusses the more common types. TIMBER FASTENERS Bolts used to fasten heavy timbers usually come in 1/2-, 3/4-, and 1-inch diameters and have square heads and nuts. In use, the bolts are fitted with round steel
Figure 1-26.Scabs.
Figure 1-27.Split ring and split-ring joints. washers under both the bolt head and the nut. The bolts are then tightened until the washers bite well into the wood to compensate for future shrinkage. Bolts should be spaced a minimum of 9 inches on center and should be no closer than 2 1/2 inches to the edge or 7 inches to the end of the timber.Driftbolts, also called driftpins, are used primarily to prevent timbers from moving laterally in relation to each other, rather than to resist pulling apart. They are used more in dock and trestle work than in trusses and building frames. A driftbolt is a long, threadless rod that is driven through a hole bored through the member and into the abutting member. The hole is bored slightly
Figure 1-28.Shear plate and shear-plate joints. smaller than the bolt diameter and about 3 inches shorter than the bolt length. Driftbolts are from 1/2 to 1 inch in diameter and 18 to 26 inches long.Butt joints are customarily connected using driftbolts; however, another method of making butt-joint connections is to use a scab. A scab is a short length of timber that is spiked or bolted to the adjoining members, as shown in figure 1-26. |
 
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