CHAPTER 1 TEST EQUIPMENT ADMINISTRATION AND USE
TEST EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION
SHIP CONFIGURATION AND LOGISTIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (SCLSIS) PROGRAM
CalibratedRefer to Report Label
User Calibration Label
Rejectedrefer To Attached Tag Label
REPAIR PROCEDURES
THE METROLOGY AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR UNIFORM RECALL AND REPORTING (MEASURE)
Figure 1-2.MEASURE TMDF Inventory report form
Figure 1-3.MEASURE METER card.
TEST EQUIPMENT REFERENCES
GENERAL TEST EQUIPMENT INFORMATION
Other Instrument Precautions
WORKING ON ENERGIZED CIRCUITS - 14188_28
WORKING ON ENERGIZED CIRCUITS - 14188_29
SAFETY SHORTING PROBE
GROUNDING OF POWER TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
BASIC MEASUREMENTS
VOLTAGE AND CURRENT MEASUREMENTS
RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS - 14188_34
CAPACITANCE, INDUCTANCE, AND RESISTANCE BRIDGES
Figure 1-5.Wheatstone bridge
Use of ac Bridges
CAPACITANCE BRIDGE.
INDUCTANCE BRIDGE
Figure 1-8.Inductance bridge
SUMMARY - 14188_41
SUMMARY - 14188_42
SUMMARY - 14188_43
SUMMARY - 14188_44
SUMMARY - 14188_45
SUMMARY - 14188_46
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q20
CHAPTER 2 MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS
THE DECIBEL SYSTEM - 14188_50
THE DECIBEL SYSTEM - 14188_51
MEASUREMENT METHODS
Bolometer - 14188_53
Thermistor Bridge
FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS - 14188_55
MECHANICAL-ROTATION FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT
CHRONOMETRIC TACHOMETER
Stroboscope
Table 2-1.Strobotac Controls and Indicators
ELECTRICAL OUTPUT FREQUENCY
AUDIO FREQUENCIES - 14188_61
Figure 2-9.Basic heterodyne meter (block diagram).
FREQUENCIES ABOVE THE AUDIO RANGE
Cavity Wavemeter
WAVEFORM ANALYSIS
USE OF THE SPECTRUM ANALYZER
TESTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
TESTING DIODES
Figure 2-15.Testing semiconductor diodes with an oscilloscope
TESTING TRANSISTORS
Visual Inspection
SUMMARY - 14188_72
AUDIO FREQUENCIES - 14188_73
CATHODE-RAY OSCILLOSCOPE
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q12.
CHAPTER 3 BASIC METERS
METER POWER SOURCE
DArsonval Meter Movement
COIL MOVEMENT
DAMPING - 14188_81
DC AMMETER
SHUNT CONSTRUCTION
INTERNAL SHUNTS FOR METERS IN THE 0- TO 50-AMPERE RANGE
INTERNAL SHUNTS FOR METERS IN THE MILLIAMPERE RANGE
SWITCHING SHUNT VALUES
Ammeter Sensitivity
Figure 3-7.Ammeter loading effect
Figure 3-9.Use of multiplier resistors with D'Arsonval meter movement
Extending Voltmeter Ranges
Voltmeter Circuit Connections
Influence of a Voltmeter in a Circuit
METERS USED FOR MEASURING RESISTANCE
Figure 3-12.Simple ohmmeter circuit.
Figure 3-13.Measuring circuit resistance with an ohmmeter.
Figure 3-14.Ohmmeter with multiplication switch
The Megohmmeter
ELECTRODYNAMOMETER-TYPE METERS
METER ACCURACY
VOLTMETER
WATTMETER
Wattmeter Overloads
TECHNIQUES FOR METER USE
TESTING FOR SHORTS
VOLTAGE TESTS
CAUTION - 14188_106
SUMMARY - 14188_107
SUMMARY - 14188_108
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q29. - 14188_109
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q29. - 14188_110
CHAPTER 4 COMMON TEST EQUIPMENT
Figure 4-1.Simpson 260 Series 6XLP Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter (VOM).
Measuring Resistance
Figure 4-2.Functional block diagram of an ohmmeter circuit
Figure 4-3.Ohmmeter scale
Measuring dc Voltages
CAUTION - 14188_117
Measuring ac Voltages
Measuring Output Voltages
Measuring Current
ELECTRONIC DIGITAL MULTIMETER
Internal Battery Models
Block Diagram Analysis
Accessories - 14188_124
Figure 4-12.High-voltage probe.
AC/DC DIFFERENTIAL VOLTMETER
METER DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS
MODES OF OPERATION
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 4-17.Semiconductor test set
BETA MEASUREMENTS
RESISTANCE-CAPACITANCE-INDUCTANCE (RCL) BRIDGES
RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS - 14188_133
CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENTS
SUMMARY - 14188_135
SUMMARY - 14188_136
SUMMARY - 14188_137
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q8 - 14188_138
CHAPTER 5 SPECIAL-APPLICATION TEST EQUIPMENT
DIRECT-MEASURING POWER METERS
Operating the Wattmeter
INDIRECT-MEASURING POWER METERS
Figure 5-2.Power meter (HP-431C).
Figure 5-3.Power meter controls, indicators, and connectors
Figure 5-4.Power meter block diagram
AUDIO AND VIDEO SIGNAL GENERATORS
Figure 5-6.Model SPN audio oscillator
RADIO-FREQUENCY (RF) SIGNAL GENERATORS
FREQUENCY COUNTERS
Controls and Indicators
Figure 5-11.Rear-panel controls and connectors
Table 5-1.Front Panel Controls and Connector
Table 5-1.Front Panel Controls and ConnectorsContinued
Frequency Measurement
Period Measurement
Resolution
Time Interval Averaging
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT-TESTING DEVICES
Figure 5-17.Basic logic probe
HUNTRON TRACKER 2000
Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) Display
Back Panel
OPERATION
Channel Selection
Frequency Selection
FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
Control Logic
Table 5-4.Terminal Characteristics for Impedance ranges
Signal Section
Pulse Generator
CRT Display
MEDIUM 1 RANGE
Figure 5-32.Effects of resistance on the rotation angle in medium 2 range
Figure 5-34.Signature of a 0.22 m F capacitor
Testing Inductors
Figure 5-37.Signature of a 490mH ferrite inductor at 400 Hz.
Figure 5-38.Signature of a 490mH ferrite inductor at 2000 Hz.
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q11
CHAPTER 6 THE OSCILLOSCOPE AND SPECTRUM ANALYZER
ELECTRON GUN
ELECTRON BEAM-DEFLECTION SYSTEM
Factors Influencing Deflection
Figure 6-4.Spacing between plates
Vertical and Horizontal Plates
VERTICAL-DEFLECTION PLATES
Figure 6-10.Amplitude versus time.
Figure 6-11.Horizontal plates (top view).
CRT DESIGNATIONS
Figure 6-13.Block diagram of an oscilloscope.
COMPONENTS USED TO DISPLAY THE WAVEFORM
COMPONENTS USED TO ADJUST CRT DISPLAY QUALITY
FOCUS and ASTIG (Astigmatism) Controls
TRACE ROTATION Control
10X MAG (Magnifier) Switch
Vertical POSITION Control
Attenuator Control
COMPONENTS USED TO SELECT THE VERTICAL OPERATING MODE
COMPONENTS USED TO DETERMINE PERIOD TIME OF THE DISPLAY
Figure 6-24.Period time of the waveform (TIME/DIV).
COMPONENTS USED TO PROVIDE A STABLE DISPLAY
TRIGGER LEVEL/SLOPE Controls
COUPLING Section
COMPONENTS USED TO SELECT SCOPE TRIGGERING
COMPONENTS USED TO CALIBRATE THE PROBE OF THE SCOPE
SIMILARITIES AMONG OSCILLOSCOPES
TURNING ON THE SCOPE
Figure 6-33.Vertical versus horizontal relationship
DUAL-TRACE OPERATION
Figure 6-34.Components to select vertical operating mode.
Figure 6-36.CHOP mode
Figure 6-37.Displaying CHOP mode
Other Dual-Trace Oscilloscope Controls
ACCESSORIES - 14188_213
Figure 6-40.Common probe tips
SPECTRUM ANALYZER
BASIC FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
IF Section
SPECTRUM ANALYZER FRONT PANEL CONTROLS, INDICATORS, AND CONNECTORS
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and ConnectorsContinued - 14188_220
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and ConnectorsContinued - 14188_221
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and ConnectorsContinued - 14188_222
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q18. - 14188_223
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q18. - 14188_224
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14188_225
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14188_226
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14188_227
APPENDIX II REFERENCES USED TO DEVELOP THIS TRAMAN - 14188_229
APPENDIX II REFERENCES USED TO DEVELOP THIS TRAMAN - 14188_230
APPENDIX II REFERENCES USED TO DEVELOP THIS TRAMAN - 14188_231
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_233
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_234
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_235
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_236
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_237
Assignment Questions - 14188_239
Assignment Questions - 14188_241
Assignment Questions - 14188_242
Assignment Questions - 14188_243
Assignment Questions - 14188_244
Assignment Questions - 14188_245
Assignment Questions - 14188_246
Assignment Questions - 14188_247
Assignment Questions - 14188_248
Assignment Questions - 14188_249
Assignment Questions - 14188_250
Assignment Questions - 14188_251
Assignment Questions - 14188_252
Assignment Questions - 14188_253
Assignment Questions - 14188_254
Assignment Questions - 14188_255
Assignment Questions - 14188_256
Assignment Questions - 14188_257
Assignment Questions - 14188_258
Assignment Questions - 14188_259
Assignment Questions - 14188_260
Assignment Questions - 14188_261
Assignment Questions - 14188_262
Assignment Questions - 14188_263
Assignment Questions - 14188_264
Assignment Questions - 14188_265
Assignment Questions - 14188_266
Assignment Questions - 14188_267
Assignment Questions - 14188_268
Assignment Questions - 14188_269
Assignment Questions - 14188_270
Assignment Questions - 14188_271
Assignment Questions - 14188_272
TEST EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION
SHIP CONFIGURATION AND LOGISTIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (SCLSIS) PROGRAM
CalibratedRefer to Report Label
User Calibration Label
Rejectedrefer To Attached Tag Label
REPAIR PROCEDURES
THE METROLOGY AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR UNIFORM RECALL AND REPORTING (MEASURE)
Figure 1-2.MEASURE TMDF Inventory report form
Figure 1-3.MEASURE METER card.
TEST EQUIPMENT REFERENCES
GENERAL TEST EQUIPMENT INFORMATION
Other Instrument Precautions
WORKING ON ENERGIZED CIRCUITS - 14188_28
WORKING ON ENERGIZED CIRCUITS - 14188_29
SAFETY SHORTING PROBE
GROUNDING OF POWER TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
BASIC MEASUREMENTS
VOLTAGE AND CURRENT MEASUREMENTS
RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS - 14188_34
CAPACITANCE, INDUCTANCE, AND RESISTANCE BRIDGES
Figure 1-5.Wheatstone bridge
Use of ac Bridges
CAPACITANCE BRIDGE.
INDUCTANCE BRIDGE
Figure 1-8.Inductance bridge
SUMMARY - 14188_41
SUMMARY - 14188_42
SUMMARY - 14188_43
SUMMARY - 14188_44
SUMMARY - 14188_45
SUMMARY - 14188_46
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q20
CHAPTER 2 MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS
THE DECIBEL SYSTEM - 14188_50
THE DECIBEL SYSTEM - 14188_51
MEASUREMENT METHODS
Bolometer - 14188_53
Thermistor Bridge
FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS - 14188_55
MECHANICAL-ROTATION FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT
CHRONOMETRIC TACHOMETER
Stroboscope
Table 2-1.Strobotac Controls and Indicators
ELECTRICAL OUTPUT FREQUENCY
AUDIO FREQUENCIES - 14188_61
Figure 2-9.Basic heterodyne meter (block diagram).
FREQUENCIES ABOVE THE AUDIO RANGE
Cavity Wavemeter
WAVEFORM ANALYSIS
USE OF THE SPECTRUM ANALYZER
TESTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
TESTING DIODES
Figure 2-15.Testing semiconductor diodes with an oscilloscope
TESTING TRANSISTORS
Visual Inspection
SUMMARY - 14188_72
AUDIO FREQUENCIES - 14188_73
CATHODE-RAY OSCILLOSCOPE
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q12.
CHAPTER 3 BASIC METERS
METER POWER SOURCE
DArsonval Meter Movement
COIL MOVEMENT
DAMPING - 14188_81
DC AMMETER
SHUNT CONSTRUCTION
INTERNAL SHUNTS FOR METERS IN THE 0- TO 50-AMPERE RANGE
INTERNAL SHUNTS FOR METERS IN THE MILLIAMPERE RANGE
SWITCHING SHUNT VALUES
Ammeter Sensitivity
Figure 3-7.Ammeter loading effect
Figure 3-9.Use of multiplier resistors with D'Arsonval meter movement
Extending Voltmeter Ranges
Voltmeter Circuit Connections
Influence of a Voltmeter in a Circuit
METERS USED FOR MEASURING RESISTANCE
Figure 3-12.Simple ohmmeter circuit.
Figure 3-13.Measuring circuit resistance with an ohmmeter.
Figure 3-14.Ohmmeter with multiplication switch
The Megohmmeter
ELECTRODYNAMOMETER-TYPE METERS
METER ACCURACY
VOLTMETER
WATTMETER
Wattmeter Overloads
TECHNIQUES FOR METER USE
TESTING FOR SHORTS
VOLTAGE TESTS
CAUTION - 14188_106
SUMMARY - 14188_107
SUMMARY - 14188_108
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q29. - 14188_109
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q29. - 14188_110
CHAPTER 4 COMMON TEST EQUIPMENT
Figure 4-1.Simpson 260 Series 6XLP Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter (VOM).
Measuring Resistance
Figure 4-2.Functional block diagram of an ohmmeter circuit
Figure 4-3.Ohmmeter scale
Measuring dc Voltages
CAUTION - 14188_117
Measuring ac Voltages
Measuring Output Voltages
Measuring Current
ELECTRONIC DIGITAL MULTIMETER
Internal Battery Models
Block Diagram Analysis
Accessories - 14188_124
Figure 4-12.High-voltage probe.
AC/DC DIFFERENTIAL VOLTMETER
METER DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS
MODES OF OPERATION
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 4-17.Semiconductor test set
BETA MEASUREMENTS
RESISTANCE-CAPACITANCE-INDUCTANCE (RCL) BRIDGES
RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS - 14188_133
CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENTS
SUMMARY - 14188_135
SUMMARY - 14188_136
SUMMARY - 14188_137
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q8 - 14188_138
CHAPTER 5 SPECIAL-APPLICATION TEST EQUIPMENT
DIRECT-MEASURING POWER METERS
Operating the Wattmeter
INDIRECT-MEASURING POWER METERS
Figure 5-2.Power meter (HP-431C).
Figure 5-3.Power meter controls, indicators, and connectors
Figure 5-4.Power meter block diagram
AUDIO AND VIDEO SIGNAL GENERATORS
Figure 5-6.Model SPN audio oscillator
RADIO-FREQUENCY (RF) SIGNAL GENERATORS
FREQUENCY COUNTERS
Controls and Indicators
Figure 5-11.Rear-panel controls and connectors
Table 5-1.Front Panel Controls and Connector
Table 5-1.Front Panel Controls and ConnectorsContinued
Frequency Measurement
Period Measurement
Resolution
Time Interval Averaging
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT-TESTING DEVICES
Figure 5-17.Basic logic probe
HUNTRON TRACKER 2000
Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) Display
Back Panel
OPERATION
Channel Selection
Frequency Selection
FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
Control Logic
Table 5-4.Terminal Characteristics for Impedance ranges
Signal Section
Pulse Generator
CRT Display
MEDIUM 1 RANGE
Figure 5-32.Effects of resistance on the rotation angle in medium 2 range
Figure 5-34.Signature of a 0.22 m F capacitor
Testing Inductors
Figure 5-37.Signature of a 490mH ferrite inductor at 400 Hz.
Figure 5-38.Signature of a 490mH ferrite inductor at 2000 Hz.
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q11
CHAPTER 6 THE OSCILLOSCOPE AND SPECTRUM ANALYZER
ELECTRON GUN
ELECTRON BEAM-DEFLECTION SYSTEM
Factors Influencing Deflection
Figure 6-4.Spacing between plates
Vertical and Horizontal Plates
VERTICAL-DEFLECTION PLATES
Figure 6-10.Amplitude versus time.
Figure 6-11.Horizontal plates (top view).
CRT DESIGNATIONS
Figure 6-13.Block diagram of an oscilloscope.
COMPONENTS USED TO DISPLAY THE WAVEFORM
COMPONENTS USED TO ADJUST CRT DISPLAY QUALITY
FOCUS and ASTIG (Astigmatism) Controls
TRACE ROTATION Control
10X MAG (Magnifier) Switch
Vertical POSITION Control
Attenuator Control
COMPONENTS USED TO SELECT THE VERTICAL OPERATING MODE
COMPONENTS USED TO DETERMINE PERIOD TIME OF THE DISPLAY
Figure 6-24.Period time of the waveform (TIME/DIV).
COMPONENTS USED TO PROVIDE A STABLE DISPLAY
TRIGGER LEVEL/SLOPE Controls
COUPLING Section
COMPONENTS USED TO SELECT SCOPE TRIGGERING
COMPONENTS USED TO CALIBRATE THE PROBE OF THE SCOPE
SIMILARITIES AMONG OSCILLOSCOPES
TURNING ON THE SCOPE
Figure 6-33.Vertical versus horizontal relationship
DUAL-TRACE OPERATION
Figure 6-34.Components to select vertical operating mode.
Figure 6-36.CHOP mode
Figure 6-37.Displaying CHOP mode
Other Dual-Trace Oscilloscope Controls
ACCESSORIES - 14188_213
Figure 6-40.Common probe tips
SPECTRUM ANALYZER
BASIC FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
IF Section
SPECTRUM ANALYZER FRONT PANEL CONTROLS, INDICATORS, AND CONNECTORS
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and ConnectorsContinued - 14188_220
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and ConnectorsContinued - 14188_221
Table 6-1.Description of Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and ConnectorsContinued - 14188_222
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q18. - 14188_223
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q18. - 14188_224
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14188_225
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14188_226
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14188_227
APPENDIX II REFERENCES USED TO DEVELOP THIS TRAMAN - 14188_229
APPENDIX II REFERENCES USED TO DEVELOP THIS TRAMAN - 14188_230
APPENDIX II REFERENCES USED TO DEVELOP THIS TRAMAN - 14188_231
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_233
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_234
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_235
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_236
MODULE 16 INDEX - 14188_237
Assignment Questions - 14188_239
Assignment Questions - 14188_241
Assignment Questions - 14188_242
Assignment Questions - 14188_243
Assignment Questions - 14188_244
Assignment Questions - 14188_245
Assignment Questions - 14188_246
Assignment Questions - 14188_247
Assignment Questions - 14188_248
Assignment Questions - 14188_249
Assignment Questions - 14188_250
Assignment Questions - 14188_251
Assignment Questions - 14188_252
Assignment Questions - 14188_253
Assignment Questions - 14188_254
Assignment Questions - 14188_255
Assignment Questions - 14188_256
Assignment Questions - 14188_257
Assignment Questions - 14188_258
Assignment Questions - 14188_259
Assignment Questions - 14188_260
Assignment Questions - 14188_261
Assignment Questions - 14188_262
Assignment Questions - 14188_263
Assignment Questions - 14188_264
Assignment Questions - 14188_265
Assignment Questions - 14188_266
Assignment Questions - 14188_267
Assignment Questions - 14188_268
Assignment Questions - 14188_269
Assignment Questions - 14188_270
Assignment Questions - 14188_271
Assignment Questions - 14188_272
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