Copying Photographing flat documents, such as photographs, drawings, blueprints, charts, and so forth.

Original Material from which copies are made, such as handwritten copy, typed copy, printed matter, tracings, drawings, and photographs.

Halftone Reproduction by printing processes, such as lithography of a photograph in which the gradation of tone is reproduced by a pattern of dots and intermittent white spaces, caused by interposing a halftone screen between the lens and the film. (See fig. 8-1.)

Figure 8-1. Comparison of continuous tone, line, and halftone.

Line Original A document or drawing consisting essentially of two tones (such as black and white, black and tinted, or brown and buff) without intermediate tones.

Continuous-Tone Original Materials in which the detail and tone values of the subject are reproduced by an infinite gradation of gray densities between white and black

Copy Negative A photographic film negative made as an intermediate from which prints are made.

Reproduction The duplication of original copy by any photographic process.

Copyboard The board, easel, frame, or other device for holding originals to be copied.

Reflex Copying A method of contact printing in which light passes through the sensitized paper and emulsion, strikes the material being copied, and reflects back to the emulsion, producing a reversed reproduction of the original.

Restoration-Copying old, faded, or damaged material to produce a more presentable or legible copy.

Duplicating-Producing copies of negatives or slides for use instead of the originals.

Intermediate Positive-A positive transparency of a negative used for making more negatives.

Intermediate Negative (Interneg) A negative made from a positive transparency that is then used to make reflection prints.