In the early stages of any biological disease, the general symptoms are fever, malaise, and inflammation. The degree of fever varies with the individual, depending on his or her resistance, but it does serve as a rough guide to the severity of infection. Often the fever is preceded by a violent chill. Whether the chill occurs or not, the fever is usually one of the earliest symptoms. Malaise is a feeling of bodily discomfort and weakness. There may be nausea, dizziness, loss of appetite, and general aches and pains.

Inflammation is caused by the reaction of body tissues combating and sealing off an infection. In almost every case, there is pain, redness, and swelling. Some types of infection result in a characteristic rash, making it possible for the doctor to make an early diagnosis.

SYMPTOMS OF NUCLEAR RADIATION

The first symptoms of exposure to nuclear radiation are nausea and vomiting. Later (2 weeks or more) symptoms are diarrhea, loss of hair, loss of weight, sore throat, and skin hemorrhage. Death rates depend on the amount of the dose and the general physical condition of the victim. Unless a very heavy dose is received, ultimate recovery can be expected in most instances.

SEABEE CBR DEFENSE RESPONSIBILITIES

The battalion commander is responsible for planning the overall CBR defensive measures for a Seabee's encampment. The battalion commander then presents to the battalion those requirements for defense measures that should be provided by other forces. Protective measures used against other weapons give only partial protection against CBR attacks. Provisions must be made for CBR defense, such as the following:

l Greater emphasis must be placed on unit separation, dispersion, and mobility.

l Increased air and ground reconnaissance.

l Training and indoctrination of personnel.

l Warning, reporting, detection, and identification of CBR agents and hazards.

l Individual and collective protection.

l Decontamination of personnel, equipment, supplies, and terrain, when directed.

l Plans for handling mass casualties, to include medical operations and first aid.