APPENDIX I GLOSSARY

BLOCK- One or more sheaves fitted in a wood or metal frame supported by a hook or shackle inserted in the strap of the block.

BREECH- The part of the block opposite the swallow.

BURR- The sharp edge remaining on metal after cutting.

CHOKER- A chain or wire rope so fastened that it tightens on its load as it is pulled.

COMPRESSION STRESSES- The stresses developed within a material when forces tend to compress or crush the material.

COPE-The notch or shape to fit or conform to the shape of another member.

DUCTILITY- The property that enables a material to withstand extensive permanent deformation due to tension.

ELASTICITY- The ability of a material to return to its original form after deformation.

FALL- A line reeved through a pair of blocks to form a tackle.

FATIGUE- The tendency of a material to fail after repeated stressing at the same point.

FATIGUE STRENGTH- The ability of a material to resist various kinds of rapidly alternating stresses.

GUY LINE-The fiber line or wire rope used for holding a structure in position.

IMPACT STRENGTH- The ability of a metal to resist suddenly applied loads; measured in foot-pounds of force.

LAY- Refers to the direction in which wires are twisted into strands or strands into rope.

LAYOUT- The process of measuring and marking materials for cutting, bending, drilling, or welding.

MALLEABILITY- The property that enables a material to withstand permanent deformation caused by compression.

MOUSING- technique often used to close the open section of a hook to keep slings, straps, and so on, from slipping off the hook.

OVERHAUL- To Lenghten a tackle by pulling the two blocks apart.

PLASTICITY- The ability of a material to permanently deform without breaking or rupturing.

ROUND IN- To bring the blocks of a tackle toward each other.

SCAFFOLD- A temporary elevated platform used to support personnel and materials in the course of any type of construction work.

SEIZE- To bind securely the end of a wire rope or strand with seizing wire.

SHEARING STRESSES- The stresses developed within a material when external forces are applied along parallel lines in opposite directions.

SNATCH BLOCK- A single sheave block made so the shell on one side opens to permit the line to be placed over the sheave.

SHELTERING- TO attach a socket to wire rope by pouring hot zinc around it.

STRESS- External or internal force applied to an object.

SWALLOW- The opening in the block through which the line passes.

TACKLE- An assembly of blocks and lines used to gain a mechanical advantage in lifting or pulling.

TENSILE STRENGTH- The resistance to being pulled apart.

TENSION STRESSES- The stresses developed when a material is subjected to a pulling load.

TWO-BLOCKED- Both blocks of a tackle are as close together as they will go.

ULTIMATE STRENGTH- The maximum strain that a material is capable of withstanding.

WHIPPING- The process of securing the ends of a line to prevent the strands from unlaying or separating.

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