BATTLE GROUP VULNERABILITY (BGV)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Interpret BGV graphic depictions and identify their uses. Identify applications, limitations, and assumptions. Analyze an example of the BGV display.

BGV provides estimates of the vulnerability of the various platforms in a battle group to a specified electronic support measure (ESM) system under varying environmental conditions. The vulnerability estimate for an individual platform is expressed as the maximum intercept range of all active emitters on the platform. A graphic depicting the vulnerability of the battle group is displayed. Intercept ranges for surface-to- air, air-to-air, and air-to-surface can be calculated.

The emission control (EMCON) planner uses BGV to assess the effectiveness of EMCON plans and to optimize platform position. The object is to minimize the battle groups vulnerability to counterdetection.

LIMITATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS

The restrictions as well as the principles taken for granted in running the BGV program are as follows:

. Make sure the environment selected from the refractivity data set is indicative of the location and time of interest. BGV is range- and time-independent.

. The maximum intercept range output is limited to 1000 km (541 nmi). The atmosphere is usually not horizontally homogeneous over these great distances.

. BGV doesnt account for absorption of electromagnetic (EM) energy, In general, the absorption of EM energy by things such as oxygen, water vapor, fog, rain, snow, and soon, adds little to the propagation loss. Refraction is considered the main factor in transmission.

. BGV is valid for frequencies between 100 MHz and 20 GHz.

. Sea-reflected interference is also considered only if the receiver or emitter is below 100 m.

. The effects of surface-based ducts are considered to dominate any contributions from the evaporative duct.

. BGV assumes the emitters are radiating at peak power.

. The probability of detection associated with the output ranges depend upon the probability of detection associated with receiver sensitivities.

. If you are attempting to verify ESM intercept ranges achieved by your own receiver, remember that BGV outputs maximum intercept range. If a platforms emitters are not turned on at that range, there will be nothing to intercept.

BGV computes the maximum ESM intercept range (ESMR) of an emitter. ESMR is computed only if the emitters frequency falls within one of the frequency bands of the receiver.

Figure 7-2 shows an example of the BGV display. The center of axis corresponds to the formation center, and the top of the screen is north. Each platforms location is marked by an X. The shaded circle around each platform has a radius equal to the longest ESMR associated with that platform. The shaded area as a whole represents the battle groups area of vulnerability to ESM counterdetection.

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