PERICORONITIS

Pericoronitis is an inflammation of the gingiva around a partially erupted tooth. The mandibular third molars are most often affected, although any erupting tooth may be involved. In the mouth of a young adult, part of a tooth can be seen projecting through the gingiva, usually distal to the second molar. The surrounding tissues are usually acutely inflamed. The inflammation may be caused by irritation resulting from the patient's inability to keep the area properly cleansed. Another cause of inflammation is infection from oral pathogens that gained access to the tissues surrounding the crown of the erupting tooth through the opening made by a projecting tooth cusp. The "gingival flap" may become infected after inflammation as a result of the constant irritation caused by contact with the occlusal surface of an erupting maxillary third molar.

DISEASES OF THE ORAL SOFT TISSUES

Many oral diseases can affect the soft tissues. We will cover only a small portion of the most common types. These lesions can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and physical and chemical agents. Direct contact with the diseases covered may present some degree of hazard or a life-threatening disease to you, the Dental Assistant. Always follow infection control procedures when in contact with all patients.

RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) (fig. 5-11), or canker sores, are painful ulcerations. These lesions

Figure 5-10.\Periodontal abscess.

Figure 5-11.\Recurrent aphthous stomatiti (RAS).

are found in the vestibular and buccal mucosa, tongue, soft palate, and in the floor of the mouth. The exact cause of these lesions are not known, but studies show that physical and emotional stress make them appear. Also injuries from toothbrushing, eating harsh foods, and allergies can start RAS. The healing time of the ulcers is usually 7 to 10 days.