CONTROL OF PERSONNEL

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Describe seven types of personnel identification systems and the characteristics of each. Explain standard re-badging and badge expiration dates. Explain expiration dates for permanent picture, military permanent, and contractor picture badges. Describe 6 standards and 10 characteristics of passes and badges. Explain key card control.

The reason for establishing a personnel control system is to provide a visible means to track and identify personnel who are authorized access to certain areas and to deny access to those who are not authorized. The degree of control should be in keeping with the sensitivity, classification, or operational importance of the area. It is important to keep the procedures simple. Visitor control should be in compliance with OPNAVINST 5510.1.

PERSONNEL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS

The following types of personnel identification systems may be used independently or in conjunction with each other: 

. Military/Dependent Identification Cards. May be used as a medium to identify personnel authorized access to areas that do not have security implications (nonrestricted areas). This system is considered the least reliable means for determining access authorization. 

. U.S. Government Identification Card. Civil service employees may be issued U.S. Government Identification Cards, Optional Form 55, to identify civilian employees and may be used as a means to authorize access into areas that do not have security implications. 

. Personal Recognition: The most positive method of identification and should be used in areas where the number of authorized personnel does not exceed 50. 

. Access List System. Admission of individuals to restricted areas should be granted to only those persons who are positively identified. To assist in their identification process, access lists may be used to control access into Level 1 and Level 2 areas, and are required in all Level 3 areas. Access lists should be maintained and kept under stringent control of an individual who is formally designated by the commanding officer. Lists must be protected from public view and, if a computerized system is used, it should be safeguarded against tampering. 

l Pass and Badge System. For access to large areas or where the number of personnel exceeds that allowed for personal recognition, a pass and badge system should be used. This system is considered the most practical means of identification to be used by large activities. Minimum badging standards and criteria are contained in chapter 5of OPNAVINST 5530.14. 

. Exchange Pass System. The exchange pass system is employed in highly sensitive areas (Levels One and Two restricted areas). It involves exchanging one or more identification media (badges, passes, and so on) for another type of identifier.

. Escort System. Escorting is a method of identifying and controlling personnel within a security area who are not normally authorized access to that area. The assigned escort should remain with the visitor at all times while he or she is within the security area.

STANDARD RE-BADGING

Installations and activities should re-badge all regular employees and other personnel possessing permanent picture badges every 6 years or when a loss of 6 percent is attained, whichever occurs first.

A loss of 6 percent is the maximum acceptable standard for the reissue of permanent picture identification badges. To compute the percentage of lost permanent badges, divide the number of lost permanent badges by the number of permanent badges issued over a given period of time, normally from the beginning of the current 6-year time period. Losses totaling 6 percent or more require re-badging.

New permanent picture badges should be distinctly different from those replaced.

BADGE EXPIRATION DATES

All issued security badges and passes should bear an expiration date. The expiration date should be conspicuously displayed on the face of the badge or pass and should be distinguishable from a distance of 3 feet during normal daylight hours. Now let's look at expiration dates for permanent picture, military permanent, and contractor picture badges.

Permanent Picture Badges

All permanent picture badges issued during a 6-year period to nonmilitary personnel should bear the same expiration date. For example, badges issued during a 6-year period ending in December 1993 would normally bear a December 1993 expiration date. If unscheduled re-badging is required during any 6-year cycle, a new 6-year cycle would start from the date of the unscheduled re-badging and expiration would be 6 years from that date.

Military Permanent Badges

All permanent picture badges issued to military personnel stationed on an activity should expire at the end of their projected rotation date (PRD), expiration of TAD, TEMDUINS or TDY, or expiration of active obligated service (EAOS), whichever occurs first.

Contractor Picture Badges

Contractor picture badges should expire at the completion of the current contract or 24 months, whichever occurs first.

PASS AND BADGE STANDARDS

The following guidelines apply when a pass or badge system of identification is necessary: 

. An activity's permanent ID pass or badge must contain all of the characteristics listed below and set forth in OPNAVINST 5530.14. l A temporary pass or badge need not contain all of the characteristics listed below, since it only provides control of visitors and personnel who visit infrequently. However, the badges should be rigidly controlled and accounted for by individual serial number, should be distinctly different in style and design from permanent passes or badges used by an activity, and should clearly indicate the period and limits of authorized use. 

l Pass and badge format may be designed locally.

Economy should be considered. The design agency should bear in mind that the primary purpose of an identification system is to control access to specific areas and alert personnel of the presence of unauthorized persons in the area. Bold print; large, recent photographs; a distinctive design; and tamper-resistant structures are prime considerations.

. The "exchange badge system" should be employed where security requirements dictate.

. The printer's plates for passes or badges should be obtained and safeguarded to avoid compromise. When necessary, the pass system may be changed by reprinting in different colors or reformatting the pass. 

. The badge or pass form should be serialized controlled, and protected. The issuing activity should conduct an inventory of all serially numbered badges and passes on hand at least semiannually and should establish written procedures for retrieval and destruction of invalid badges and passes from personnel whose access has been terminated.

PASS AND BADGE CHARACTERISTICS

The following characteristics apply to permanent passes or badges: . Size, which is generally consistent with other standard identification cards. 

. A photograph; minimum size is 1 inch by 1 1/4 inch (same as military ID card). The maximum size should be consistent with economy, available equipment, and pass or badge design. The photograph should be in color, stress facial features, and should not include the area below the neck. 

. A clear space at the top of the pass or badge to place a hole for an attachment device.

l A serial number for accountability.

l Name of holder, typewritten or printed.

l Signature of holder.

l Name, rank, and title of validating officer.

l Signature of validating officer.

l Expiration date of pass/badge.

l The following statements are required and may be incorporated in the badge design or be an overlay on the lamination. They may be combined:

"U.S. Government Property." "Loss of this card must be reported at once" "If found, drop in nearest U.S. mailbox."

"Postmaster: Postage Guaranteed. Return to Commanding Officer, (address of the issuing activity indicated on face of badge)."

"Warning - issued for official use of the holder designated hereon. Use or possession by any other person is unlawful and will make the offender liable to penalty - 18 U.S.C. 499, 506, 701." (Reference should be made to the Status of Forces Agreements for overseas activities only.)

Security construction requirements should include heat seal adhesion of the complete card to prevent photographic reproduction. An identifying logo or validation seal or initials should be manufactured into the lamination along with other positive security measures that will help prevent tampering. Identifying information should be clearly legible to security personnel at a distance of 1 meter in normal lighting conditions.

KEY CARDS

Where card readers are used to control access, procedures for removal or invalidation of lost key cards from the system and changes to personnel identification numbers for associated digital key pads should be included.

CONTROL OF VEHICLES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Explain how the vehicle decal is used to control privately owned vehicles and how decals are used in overseas areas. Describe how passes are used for visitor control. Explain why vehicle passes issued by other activities are honored. Describe the special precautions that should be considered in vehicle control.

Directly related to the movement and access control of personnel is the control of various privately owned motor vehicles. The standard Navy Decal, DD Form 2220, is the media used to identify and control motor vehicles on most installations. Whatever media is used, it should serve as a rapid means of identifying the vehicle as having authority for being operated and parked on the installation. It should not be used as a mean to identify the driver or any occupant.