QUADRANT DESIGN - A traditional front-page newspaper design pattern where the page is divided into four quarters, and a dominant, eye-stopping element (picture or headline) is placed in each quarter so that diagonal quarters balance each other.

QUERY - A request for specific information by a reporter, usually made by telephone.

QUERY SHEET - A specially designed sheet used to document a query made by a reporter.

QUOTE - A portion of a story that contains the exact words of a speaker or writer.

RACK FOCUS - In television, the process of setting the focus on an object in the field of view. With rack focus, only the object focused upon and other objects at the same distance will remain in focus - as long as the distance between them and the camera does not change.

RAM - Random access memory.

RED EYE - In still photography, an effect that occurs in pictures of people and animals when the flash is used close to the optical axis of the lens and the subject is looking at the camera.

REEFER - A headline that refers the reader to an article inside the newspaper.

REEL-TO-REEL TAPE RECORDER/REPRO-DUCER - A type of tape recorder/reproducer that uses 1/4-inch magnetic tape supplied on spools. The tape, available in several reel sizes and tape lengths, must be threaded onto the machine, where it passes the tape heads at either 7.5, 15 or 30 inches per second (ips).

RELEASE - Information previously limited to a controlled number of persons that is made available to the general public. The release may be any material (written, printed, oral or photographic) that has been properly cleared and authorized for dissemination to the public by the Navy through any media.

RELEASE, ADVANCE NEWS - A type of release written to promote a scheduled special event.

RELEASE LINE - The portion of a news release that describes the urgency of the material, normally one of the following designations: For Immediate Release, For General Release, Do Not Use After (time and date) and Hold For Release Until (time and date).

RELEASE NUMBER - An identifying number assigned to a standard Navy news release.

RELEASE, RADIO NEWS - A type of news release designed for dissemination to radio stations and written in broadcast style.

RELEASE, STANDARD NAVY NEWS - A formal document, written in news style, concerning Navy activities approved for public dissemination by an authorized person. The enlisted journalist normally prepares and edits it, then the PAO, through the authority of the officer in command, approves the release.

RELEASE, VIDEO NEWS - A type of news release that accompanies a videotape. The release is actually a script divided into two columns; the left column is devoted completely to the video, or visual, section and the right column to the audio, or sound, section of the release.

REMOTE - In radio and television, a broadcast that originates outside the studio of a station.

REVERB - In radio, the persistence of sound until it fades away, usually achieved when a cartridge machine is used.

REVERSE KICKER - See HAMMER HEAD.

RHETORICAL QUESTION - A question that cannot be answered with a straight yes or no answer; it is asked mainly for effect with no answer expected

ROUGH - The initial manuscript of a story, normally typed double-spaced on one side of the paper only.

ROUGH - A thin, black line used to separate newspaper items and create boxes.

RULE OF THIRDS - A photographic concept where the photographer mentally divides the frame into thirds (both vertically and horizontally) and places the point of interest at one of the four intersections of these lines.

RUN AND RETURN STORY - A type of story processed by the Fleet Home Town News Center (FHTNC) in which the appropriate Fleet Home Town News Release Form(s) (NAVSO 5724/1) is/are returned to the submitting command after processing.

SADDLE STITCH - To bind a publication along its centerfold.

SATNET - The AFRTS Satellite Network

SATURATION - In television, the actual strength of a particular color.

SCALE - The process of either enlarging or reducing a cropped photograph or artwork to fit in a hole on a newspaper page.

SCALE FOCUSING - In still photography, a calibrated scale that permits focusing a camera without the use of a range finder or ground glass.

SCANNING - In television, the process of registering all the elements of a video picture in sequence. During the scanning process, the television camera "encodes" the elements, then the television receiver is used to "decode" them in the proper order to recreate the original image.

SCANNING AREA - In television, the total area seen by the camera and reproduced on the studio monitor.

SCREEN - In television and still photography, a small metal screen placed in front of a lighting instrument to reduce its intensity.

SCRIM - In television and still photography, a piece of clear, spun glass or gauze used to diffuse and soften alight.

SECONDARY MOVEMENTS - In television, camera movements used to follow the primary movement of the talent or to change or adjust picture composition

SHOOTING SCRIPT - A written plan for a picture story.

SHOT - (1) In still photography, a single exposure or photograph. (2) In television, a single scene; the continuous action occurring from the time the camera is turned on to the time it is turned off.

SHUTTER RELEASE - A device used to actuate a camera shutter.

SHUTTER SPEED - In still photography, the length of time that light is permitted to act upon film or paper as a result of the shutter having opened and closed.

SIC - A term used to show the reader that quoted matter contains an error, but is reproduced precisely. It is normally used within brackets: [sic].

SIDE LIGHTING - In still photography, the type of lighting effect used to bring out the texture of a subject.

SILHOUETTING - A photographic technique in which the subject is backlighted and then underexposed.

SILVER HALIDE - A light-sensitive silver salt, especially silver chloride or silver bromide, suspended in gelatin and used for coating photographic film, plates or papers.

SITE - Shipboard Information, Training and Entertainment system. Any of several closed-circuit television systems aboard authorized U.S. Navy ships and submarines.

SLIDER - See POT.

SOUND EFFECT - In radio and television, any noise used to enhance the spoken word.

SPEAKERS BUREAU - A list of speakers from within the command who talk on a variety of subjects. Administered by the command public affairs office.

SPLICE - The process of joining two pieces of audiotape at a predetermined location.

SPOT ANNOUNCEMENT - In radio, a message designed to inform the listener or make him take some action. Most spot announcements are 60 seconds or less.

STET - A Latin term meaning "let it stand," used on copy or galley proofs to indicate that a marked

correction is in error and the copy should run as originally written or set.

STILL DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY - A photographic technique that allows a photographer to take pictures and store them electronically (digitally) in a specially manufactured camera. The pictures may then be processed using digital photographic software installed on a microcomputer.

STOP BATH - An acid solution used to arrest development by neutralizing the alkaline developer with which the photographic material is saturated as it leaves the developing bath.

STOP DOWN - In still photography and television, the use of a smaller aperture.

STRINGER - A person not assigned to a newspaper staff who contributes articles or provides information about an event.

STROBE FLASH - See ELECTRONIC FLASH.

STYLE - The spelling, punctuation, capitalization, abbreviation and similar mechanical aspects of grammar used in preparing copy.

STYLEBOOK - A compilation of rules that apply to a particular publication, including locally written policy on spelling, abbreviations, capitalization and several other areas.

SWITCHER, AUDIO - In television, a member of the studio production team who is responsible for operating the television audio-mixing console.

SWITCHER, VIDEO - In television, a member of the studio production team who is responsible for operating the video-mixing console and special effects bank.